Pre-renal ARF
Pre-renal ARF happens when there’s a decreased flow of blood to your kidneys. In this situation, your kidneys themselves are working properly, but a lack of blood flow is affecting their function VSports app下载.
Decreased blood flow to your kidneys activates various hormonal pathways in your body that promote water and salt reabsorption. This means that your urine output will become lower V体育官网.
Renal ARF
Renal ARF happens due to a direct problem with the filtering ability of your kidneys. The filtering units of your kidneys are called nephrons. Each of your kidneys has about one million nephrons, which are made up of two parts: VSports手机版.
- glomerulus: the part of the nephron that actually filters your blood
- tubule: the part of the nephron that removes waste products and returns necessary substances back to your blood
Post-renal ARF
Post-renal ARF occurs because of a problem that happens after filtering. This is most often due to something blocking your urinary tract. A few examples include kidney stones, tumors, or blood clots.
In post-renal ARF, urine has a more difficult time moving through the urinary tract so that it can be voided from your body. This means that your urine output is lower.
In order to diagnose the oliguric phase of ARF, a doctor will first do a physical exam and take your medical history. They’ll ask you if you have any preexisting health conditions and what medications you’re taking.
A doctor can see if you have oliguria by doing a urine collection. They can measure the amount of urine produced over a period of time to estimate your urine output.
Oliguria is typically defined as producing less than 400 milliliters (mL) of urine in a day. There are also oliguria guidelines that take weight into consideration. One of these is urinating less than 0.5 mL per kilogram (kg) of body weight each hour.
Your doctor will also do other tests. These include:
- serum creatinine is increased by 0.3 milligrams (mg)/deciliters (dL) or higher within a 48-hour period
- serum creatinine has increased by 1.5 or higher from baseline within the past 7 days
- urine volume is less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for at least 6 hours
The treatment of ARF, including its oliguric phase, depends on its cause. Once the cause is known, treatment is directed at what’s causing your ARF to occur.
Post-renal ARF (VSports app下载)
Post-renal ARF can be treated by addressing what’s causing the blockage in your urinary tract. Once this is accomplished, the flow of urine can resume as normal.
Pre-renal ARF
When fluids are given, the amount used is determined individually. Care must be taken not to overload on fluids, because this can have harmful side effects. If fluid overload happens, diuretics can be used to return fluid balance to normal.
Renal ARF
Oliguria caused by renal ARF can take longer to resolve and won’t quickly respond to fluids.
If you have severe ARF, you may need dialysis. This is a therapy that works to help your kidneys filter your blood, helping to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance while you recover.
It’s also important to stop taking medications that are toxic to the kidneys while being treated for ARF. After recovery, your doctor may adjust the dosage of your medication or switch you to another medication that’s not toxic to the kidneys.
Many people with ARF recover completely. Still, the individual outlook for people in the oliguric phase of ARF depends on factors such as:
- the cause of ARF
- your age
- your overall health
Having oliguria is typically associated with having a poorer outlook. For example, a 2021 study looked at how the KDIGO criteria for ARF, which involve serum creatinine and urine output levels, contributed to people’s outlook.
It found that oliguria lasting longer than 12 hours was associated with a higher risk of death over a 90-day period, regardless of changes in serum creatinine levels.
