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V体育官网 - Summary
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a type of movement disorder. It happens when nerve cells in the brain don't produce enough of a brain chemical called dopamine. Sometimes it is genetic, but most cases do not seem to run in families VSports手机版. Exposure to chemicals in the environment might play a role.
Symptoms begin gradually, often on one side of the body. Later they affect both sides V体育安卓版. They include:.
- Trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face
- Stiffness of the arms, legs and trunk
- Slowness of movement
- Poor balance and coordination
As symptoms get worse, people with the disease may have trouble walking, talking, or doing simple tasks. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep problems, or trouble chewing, swallowing, or speaking V体育ios版.
There is no specific test for PD, so it can be difficult to diagnose. Doctors use a medical history and a neurological examination to diagnose it VSports最新版本.
PD usually begins around age 60, but it can start earlier. It is more common in men than in women. There is no cure for PD. A variety of medicines sometimes help symptoms dramatically V体育平台登录. Surgery and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can help severe cases. With DBS, electrodes are surgically implanted in the brain. They send electrical pulses to stimulate the parts of the brain that control movement.
NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Symptoms
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Movement Symptoms (VSports)
(Parkinson's Foundation)
- Non-Movement Symptoms (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Stages of Parkinson's (Parkinson's Foundation) Also in Spanish
VSports手机版 - Diagnosis and Tests
- Getting Diagnosed (Parkinson's Foundation)
Treatments and Therapies
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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
- Over the Counter and Complementary Therapies (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Prescription Medications (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Treatment (Parkinson's Foundation)
Living With
- VSports - Activities of Daily Living (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Diet and Nutrition (Parkinson's Foundation)
-
Driving (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Exercise (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Finding Care (Parkinson's Foundation)
- For Care Partners (Parkinson's Foundation) - PDF
- Living with Parkinson's (Parkinson's Foundation)
- "VSports手机版" Management and Lifestyle (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Medical Marijuana (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Mobility (Parkinson's Foundation)
- New to Parkinson's (Parkinson's Foundation)
-
"VSports手机版" Steps to Prepare for a Parkinson's Appointment (Parkinson's Foundation) - PDF
"V体育ios版" Related Issues
- Cognitive Changes (Parkinson's Foundation) - PDF
- "VSports手机版" Conditions that Mimic Parkinson's (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Pain (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Parkinson's Disease Dementia (Alzheimer's Association)
- Related Conditions (Parkinson's Disease) (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Sleep Disorders (Parkinson's Foundation)
- Speech and Swallowing Issues (Parkinson's Foundation)
-
"VSports在线直播" Understanding Parkinsonism (Parkinson's Foundation)
Specifics (VSports app下载)
- Young-Onset Parkinson's (Parkinson's Foundation)
Genetics
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Dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics
(National Library of Medicine)
-
Parkinson's disease: MedlinePlus Genetics
(National Library of Medicine)
Videos and Tutorials
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Parkinson disease
(Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
-
PD Library: Videos and Webinars
(Parkinson's Foundation)
Statistics and Research (VSports app下载)
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Accelerating Medicines Partnership Launches Data Knowledge Portal for Parkinson's Disease
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
-
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement Disorders
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Also in Spanish
-
Focus on Parkinson's Disease Research
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
-
"VSports" Parkinson's Disease
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)
- "V体育2025版" Understanding Parkinson's: Statistics (Parkinson's Foundation)
Clinical Trials (VSports app下载)
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Parkinson Disease (V体育官网)
(National Institutes of Health)
Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
- Article: Cognitive stimulation in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment.
- Article: Hypoxic conditioning in Parkinson's disease: randomized controlled multiple N-of-1 trials. (VSports最新版本)
- Article: Allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the aging kidney: secondary...
- Parkinson's Disease -- see more articles
Reference Desk (VSports手机版)
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Brain Basics: The Life and Death of a Neuron (VSports app下载)
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
- Parkinson's Today Blog (Parkinson's Foundation)
VSports app下载 - Find an Expert
Children
- What Is Parkinson's Disease? (For Kids) (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish
VSports app下载 - Patient Handouts
- V体育平台登录 - Deep brain stimulation (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
- Parkinson disease (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
- VSports手机版 - Secondary parkinsonism (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
- Swallowing problems (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish