Background: Co-infection is frequently seen in critically ill patients with influenza, although the exact rate is unknown VSports手机版. We determined the rate of co-infection, the risk factors and the outcomes associated with co-infection in critically ill patients with influenza over a 7-year period in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICUs). .

Methods: This was a prospective, observational, multicentre study. Influenza was diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction. Co-infection had to be confirmed using standard bacteriological tests. The primary endpoint of this analysis was the presence of community-acquired co-infection, with secondary endpoints including ICU, 28-day and hospital mortality. V体育安卓版.

Results: Of 2901 ICU patients diagnosed with influenza, 482 (16. 6 %) had a co-infection. The proportion of cases of co-infection increased from 11. 4 % (110/968) in 2009 to 23 V体育ios版. 4 % (80/342) in 2015 (P < 0. 001). Compared with patients without co-infection, patients with co-infection were older [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1. 1, 95 % confidence interval 1. 1-1. 2; P < 0. 001] and were more frequently immunosuppressed due to existing HIV infection (aOR 2. 6 [1. 5-4. 5]; P < 0. 001) or preceding medication (aOR 1. 4 [1. 1-1. 9]; P = 0. 03). Co-infection was an independent risk factor for ICU mortality (aOR 1. 4 [1. 1-1. 8]; P < 0. 02), 28-day mortality (aOR 1. 3 [1. 1-1. 7]; P = 0. 04) and hospital mortality (aOR 1. 9 [1. 5-2. 5]; P < 0. 001). .

Conclusions: Co-infection in critically ill patients with influenza has increased in recent years. In this Spanish cohort, age and immunosuppression were risk factors for co-infection, and co-infection was an independent risk factor for ICU, 28-day and hospital mortality VSports最新版本. .