VSports app下载 - Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The . gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in . gov or VSports app下载. mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. .

Https

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. V体育官网.

Review
. 2022 Sep 13:5:1603-1615.
doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.09.013. eCollection 2022.

V体育官网 - Application of Pickering emulsions in probiotic encapsulation- A review

Fatemah Haji  1 , James Cheon  1 , Jiyoo Baek  1   2 , Qi Wang  2 , Kam Chiu Tam  1
Affiliations
Review

"V体育2025版" Application of Pickering emulsions in probiotic encapsulation- A review

Fatemah Haji et al. Curr Res Food Sci. .

VSports最新版本 - Abstract

Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to host organisms when consumed in adequate amounts and are often incorporated into foods for human consumption. However, this has negative implications on their viability as large numbers of these beneficial bacteria are deactivated when subjected to harsh conditions during processing, storage, and passage through the gastrointestinal tract. To address these issues, numerous studies on encapsulation techniques to protect probiotics have been conducted. This review focuses on emulsion technology for probiotic encapsulation, with a special focus on Pickering emulsions. Pickering emulsions are stabilized by solid particles, which adsorb strongly onto the liquid-liquid interfaces to prevent aggregation VSports手机版. Pickering emulsions have demonstrated enhanced stability, high encapsulation efficiency, and cost-effectiveness compared to other encapsulation techniques. Additionally, Pickering emulsions are regarded as safe and biocompatible and utilize natural materials, such as cellulose and chitosan derived from plants, shellfish, and fungi, which may also be viewed as more acceptable in food systems than common synthetic and natural molecular surfactants. This article reviews the current status of Pickering emulsion use for probiotic delivery and explores the potential of this technique for application in other fields, such as livestock farming, pet food, and aquaculture. .

Keywords: Emulsions; Encapsulation; Pickering emulsions; Probiotics; Viability V体育安卓版. .

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Beneficial health effects of probiotic bacteria on human health. Data from (Markowiak and Ślizewska, 2017).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Factors affecting the viability of probiotics. Adapted from (Terpou et al., 2019).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Important applications of microencapsulation. Reproduced from (Iravani et al., 2015; Gómez et al., 2018).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Schematic representations of probiotic encapsulation technologies. A) Spray drying. Reproduced from (Rajam and Subramanian, 2022), B) Freeze-drying. Reproduced from (Bodzen et al., 2020), C) Extrusion. Reproduced from (Gurram et al., 2021), D) Electrospraying. Reproduced from (Mendes and Chronakis, 2021), and E) Emulsification. Reproduced from (Camelo-Silva et al., 2022).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Solid particle wetting and contact angle leading to the formation of O/W or W/O emulsion. Adapted from (Saffarionpour, 2020).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
A) Schematic diagram showing the production of multiple emulsions (W1/O/W2) using the two-step emulsification procedure. Reproduced from (Bai et al., 2021). B) Confocal laser scanning micrographs of LA encapsulated in PDE after 14 days' storage under bright and fluorescence fields (I-II); Images collected under high-magnification marked with an arrow (i-iii), the images showed the oil phase in red (stained with Nile red and excited at 549 nm) and LA in blue (stained with STYO-9 and excited at 483 nm). Reproduced from (Wang et al., 2020). C) Schematic showing the encapsulation of L. dellbrueckii in multiple Pickering emulsions stabilized by β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. Reproduced from (Eslami et al., 2017). D) Preparation scheme of CL- and CL/HPMC-stabilized emulsion at different concentrations of HPMC. Reproduced from (Rattanaburi et al., 2019). E) Schematic showing (not to scale) the oil phase structure of HIPEs at different internal phase volume fractions. Reproduced from (Bai et al., 2021). F) (I) Particle sizes and ζ-potentials of WPI and WPI-EGCG covalent conjugates. (II) Particle size distributions, three-phase contact angles (θ), and (III) SEM images of WPI and WPI-EGCG-pH 9 covalent conjugate freeze-dried samples. Reproduced from (Qin et al., 2021).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
A) Quantification of IL-8 concentrations in milk samples from cows with bovine mastitis over time after treatment with L. lactis encapsulated in paraffin-based emulsion and commercial antibiotic, IL-8 is used as a biomarker for immune response. Reproduced from (Kitching et al., 2019). B) Clearance of L. lactis from milk samples occurs quickly, with no culturable cells remaining after 5 days from treatment. Reproduced from (Kitching et al., 2019). C) Scanning electron micrographs of L. casei, (I) without protectant, (II),(III) with protectant not containing Pickering emulsions, and (IV) protectant containing 10% Pickering emulsions. Reproduced from (Wang and Chen, 2021).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
A) SEM image of Enterobacter-loaded alginate beads, inclusions of Enterobacter specimens on the surface are indicated. Adapted from (Ghosh et al., 2016). B) Fluorescence micrograph of stained Exiguobacterium loaded chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules under 100x magnification. Adapted from (Masoomi Dezfooli et al., 2021). C, D) SEM images of Exiguobacterium loaded chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules, Exiguobaterium inclusions indicated in D. Adapted from (Masoomi Dezfooli et al., 2021).
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
A) Release of B. licheniformis from alginate (ALG) and chitosan-alginate (CALG) microparticles in seawater (n = 3). Reproduced from (Masoomi Dezfooli et al., 2021). B) Release of encapsulated B. licheniformis over time in simulated gastric media (SGM) and simulated intestinal media (SIM) of abalone (n = 3). Reproduced from (Masoomi Dezfooli et al., 2021).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abdullah, Weiss J., Ahmad T., Zhang C., Zhang H. A review of recent progress on high internal-phase Pickering emulsions in food science. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2020;106:91–103. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.016. - VSports最新版本 - DOI
    1. Abesinghe A.M.N.L., Priyashantha H., Prasanna P.H.P., Kurukulasuriya M.S., Ranadheera C.S., Vidanarachchi J.K. Inclusion of probiotics into fermented buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk: an overview of challenges and opportunities. Fermentation. 2020;6(4):1–24. doi: 10.3390/fermentation6040121. - DOI
    1. Afzaal M., Khan A.U., Saeed F., Ahmed A., Ahmad M.H., Maan A.A., et al. Functional exploration of free and encapsulated probiotic bacteria in yogurt and simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Food Sci. Nutr. 2019;7(12):3931–3940. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1254. - DOI (V体育平台登录) - PMC - PubMed
    1. Anal A.K., Singh H. Recent advances in microencapsulation of probiotics for industrial applications and targeted delivery. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2007;18(5):240–251. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2007.01.004. - DOI
    1. Anjali T.G., Basavaraj M.G. Influence of pH and salt concentration on pickering emulsions stabilized by colloidal peanuts. Langmuir. 2018;34(44):13312–13321. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02913. - V体育ios版 - DOI - PubMed