Refractive Errors

Also called: Farsightedness, Hyperopia, Myopia, Nearsightedness

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"VSports注册入口" Summary

The cornea and lens of your eye helps you focus. Refractive errors are vision problems that happen when the shape of the eye keeps you from focusing well. The cause could be the length of the eyeball (longer or shorter), changes in the shape of the cornea, or aging of the lens VSports手机版.

Four common refractive errors are:

Myopia, or nearsightedness - clear vision close up but blurry in the distance
Hyperopia, or farsightedness - clear vision in the distance but blurry close up
Presbyopia - inability to focus close up as a result of aging
Astigmatism - focus problems caused by the cornea

The most common symptom is blurred vision. Other symptoms may include double vision, haziness, glare or halos around bright lights, squinting, headaches, or eye strain V体育安卓版.

Glasses or contact lenses can usually correct refractive errors V体育ios版. Laser eye surgery may also be a possibility.

NIH: National Eye Institute

V体育平台登录 - Start Here

Astigmatism (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish
Refractive Errors (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish
Types of Refractive Errors (National Eye Institute)

Diagnosis and Tests

Dilating Eye Drops (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Eye Exam and Vision Testing Basics (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish
"V体育ios版" Retinoscopy (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Vision Screening (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish

Prevention and Risk Factors (VSports注册入口)

"V体育平台登录" Get a Dilated Eye Exam (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish

V体育平台登录 - Treatments and Therapies

Cornea Transplant (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
Eye Wear: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
Laser Eye Surgery: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
Phakic Intraocular Lenses (Food and Drug Administration)
What Is Refractive Surgery? (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish

Related Issues

Abnormal Head Position (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
What Are the Risks and How Can I Find the Right Doctor for Me? (Refractive Surgery) (Food and Drug Administration)

VSports注册入口 - Specifics

VSports app下载 - Astigmatism (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
Corneal Conditions (National Eye Institute)
Presbyopia (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
Progressive (High) Myopia (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)

Genetics

"V体育官网" Deafness and myopia syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)
V体育2025版 - Farsightedness: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)
Nearsightedness: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)

V体育安卓版 - Images

Corneal transplant - series (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

V体育安卓版 - Statistics and Research

Eye Health Data and Statistics (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish

Clinical Trials

ClinicalTrials.gov: Astigmatism (National Institutes of Health)
"VSports最新版本" ClinicalTrials.gov: Hyperopia (National Institutes of Health)
ClinicalTrials.gov: Lenses, Intraocular (National Institutes of Health)
ClinicalTrials.gov: Myopia (National Institutes of Health)
"V体育平台登录" ClinicalTrials.gov: Presbyopia (National Institutes of Health)
"V体育官网入口" ClinicalTrials.gov: Refractive Errors (National Institutes of Health)

V体育官网入口 - Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

Reference Desk

"V体育官网" How the Eyes Work (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish

Find an Expert

Find a Doctor of Optometry (American Optometric Association)
Find an Ophthalmologist (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish
Finding an Eye Doctor (National Eye Institute)
National Eye Institute

"V体育安卓版" Children

V体育2025版 - Anisometropia (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Farsightedness (Hyperopia) (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish
Nearsightedness (Myopia) (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish
Photoscreening (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Refractive Errors in Children (V体育ios版) (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Treatment of Increasing Myopia in Children (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
"V体育ios版" Your Child's Vision (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish

"V体育安卓版" Patient Handouts

"VSports注册入口" Astigmatism (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
"VSports最新版本" Farsightedness (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
V体育官网入口 - Nearsightedness (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
"V体育平台登录" Presbyopia (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
VSports - Refraction (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

V体育2025版 - Topic Image

$Refractive Errors$

MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

National Institutes of Health

The primary NIH organization for research on Refractive Errors is the National Eye Institute

Disclaimers

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