The creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes test measures the different forms of CPK in the blood. CPK is an enzyme found mainly in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle VSports手机版.
How the Test is Performed
A blood sample is needed. This may be taken from a vein V体育安卓版. The test is called a venipuncture.
If you are in the hospital, this test may be repeated over 2 or 3 days V体育ios版. A significant rise or fall in the total CPK or CPK isoenzymes can help your health care provider diagnose certain conditions.
How to Prepare for the Test
No special preparation is needed in most cases.
Tell your provider about all the medicines you are taking. Some drugs can interfere with test results VSports最新版本. Drugs that can increase CPK measurements include the following:.
- Alcohol
- Amphotericin B
- Certain anesthetics
- Cocaine
- Fibrate medicines
- Statins
- Steroids, such as dexamethasone
This list is not all-inclusive.
How the Test will Feel (V体育官网)
You may feel slight pain when the needle is inserted to draw blood. Some people feel only a prick or stinging sensation V体育平台登录. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.
"V体育官网入口" Why the Test is Performed
This test is done if a CPK test shows that your total CPK level is elevated VSports注册入口. CPK isoenzyme testing can help find the exact source of the damaged tissue.
CPK is made of three slightly different substances:
- CPK-1 (also called CPK-BB) is found mostly in the brain and lungs
- CPK-2 (also called CPK-MB) is found mostly in the heart
- CPK-3 (also called CPK-MM) is found mostly in skeletal muscle
V体育官网 - What Abnormal Results Mean
Higher-than-normal CPK-1 levels:
Because CPK-1 is found mostly in the brain and lungs, injury to either of these areas can increase CPK-1 levels. Increased CPK-1 levels may be due to: VSports在线直播.
- Brain cancer
- Brain injury (due to any type of injury including, stroke, or bleeding in the brain)
- Electroconvulsive therapy
- Pulmonary infarction
- Seizure
Higher-than-normal CPK-2 levels:
CPK-2 levels rise 3 to 6 hours after a heart attack V体育2025版. If there is no further heart muscle damage, the level peaks at 12 to 24 hours and returns to normal 12 to 48 hours after tissue death.
Increased CPK-2 levels may also be due to:
- Electrical injuries
- Heart defibrillation (purposeful shocking of the heart by medical personnel)
- Heart injury (for instance, from a car accident)
- Inflammation of the heart muscle usually due to a virus (myocarditis)
- Open heart surgery
Higher-than-normal CPK-3 levels are most often a sign of muscle injury or muscle stress. They may be due to:
- Crush injuries
- Dermatomyositis or polymyositis
- Muscle damage due to medicines or being immobile for a long time (rhabdomyolysis)
- Muscular dystrophy
- Myopathy
- Myositis (skeletal muscle inflammation)
- Receiving many intramuscular injections
- Recent nerve and muscle function testing (electromyography)
- Recent seizures
- Recent surgery
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Strenuous exercise
V体育官网入口 - Considerations
Factors that can affect test results include cardiac catheterization, intramuscular injections, recent surgery, and vigorous and prolonged exercise or immobilization.
Isoenzyme testing for specific conditions is about 90% accurate.
V体育ios版 - Alternative Names
Creatine phosphokinase - isoenzymes; Creatine kinase - isoenzymes; CK - isoenzymes; Heart attack - CPK; Crush - CPK
"VSports注册入口" Images
"VSports app下载" References
Mccullough PA. Interface between renal disease and cardiovascular illness. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 101.
Pincus MR, Carty RP. Clinical enzymology. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 21.
Selcen D. Muscle diseases. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 389.
VSports手机版 - Review Date 1/1/2025
Updated by: Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.